Characterization of the physical and chemical properties of the soil for the cutivation of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) variety fuerte

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the physical and chemical properties of soils used for the cultivation of 'Fuerte' variety avocado, in order to identify nutritional deficiencies and propose differentiated management strategies.Methodology: Two hundred and sixty-three (263) soil samples were analyzed using stratified sampling, evaluating pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, electrical conductivity, and texture. A cluster analysis wasalso applied to group areas with similar edaphic characteristics. Results: The soils were predominantly loamy and sandy-loam in texture, with a slightly alkaline pH, low levels of organic matter and nitrogen, and phosphorus and potassium values within acceptable ranges. Multivariate analysis revealed that chemical fertility, rather than texture, was the main differentiating factor among the groups. Conclusions: Implement differentiated fertilization programs and sustainable practices aimed at increasing organic matter and optimizing nutrient use, thereby improving the productivity and sustainability of avocado cultivation in the region.