Efecto del tamaño de partícula en la extracción de alcaloides del tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) por método convencional

Y. E. Rosas-Quina

doi:10.51431/par.v2i1.619

Authors

Y. E. Rosas-Quina Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51431/par.v2i1.619

Keywords:

Tarwi, Lupinus mutabilis, alkaloids, debittering

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of particle size in the extraction process of alkaloids from tarwi grain (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) by conventional method. Methodology: The tarwi grain at different ranges of particle size [(1.40 - 0.355) mm, (0.355 - 0.300) mm, (0.300 - 0.212) mm] was subjected to a soaking process for 18 hours, cooking for 1 hour and washing for 7 days, maintaining in each of the stages the weight ratio of 2.5: 1 of water with respect to the treated sample. In each of the extraction stages, the remaining concentration of total alkaloids in the treated sample was evaluated using the colorimetric method of purple bromocresol in a UV spectrophotometer Results: For a sample whose initial concentration was 3.71% expressed as total alkaloids, it was determined that during the soaking stage the tarwi grains with the smallest particle size (0.300 - 0.212) mm removed 1.61% of alkaloids, a value higher than that obtained by the other particle sizes. In the cooking and washing stage, the particle sizes of (1.40 - 0.355) mm and (0.355 - 0.300) mm registered a greater removal of these alkaloids. Also, depending on the process time, it was the smallest particle size that reached the concentration of the remaining alkaloids limit for consumption the fastest. Conclusions: The particle size of the tarwi grain has a significant effect on the removal of alkaloids in the conventional extraction process. With the smallest particle size (0.300 - 0.212) mm. a lower concentration of alkaloids was obtained within the limits established for their consumption and in less time.

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